Login




best canadian pharmacy

online pharmacy cost levitra

online pharmacy viagra ottawa canada

online ordering propecia

buy pfizer viagra online

buy viagra without a prescription

order propecia

next day viagra

100 mg cialis

canadian phamacy

low cost propecia

levitra discount

buying online propecia

pfizer soft viagra

buy cialis online canada

order propecia propecia

propecia online pharmacy no prescription

buy cialis generic

best place to buy viagra in canada

brand viagra without prescription buy

buy cialis from canada

viagra canda

propecia without a prescription

canadian pharmacy ed

cheapest overnight cialis

cheapest propecia pharmacy online

levitra order prescription

levitra without prescriptions

propecia 5mg

cialis angioplasty

online order viagra overnight delivery

viagra without a prescription

propecia no prescription

levitra cheap canadian pharmacy

prices levitra

viagra online without a prescription

viagra cialis online

what is levitra

branded viagra

get levitra online

viagra no prescriptions

best online levitra

buy propecia online pharmacy

cheapest online propecia

viagra sales canada

viagra soft

buy cialis canada

buy branded viagra

order viagra 25mg online canada

order propecia pill

generic levitra cialis

buy canada in propecia

40mg cialis

viagra original pfizer order

best deal for propecia

levitra price

buy viagra canada

propecia cheap

buy now online propecia

best price levitra

online viagra gel to buy

buy levitra online

viagra pfizer viagra online

real viagra for sale

generic viagra india

cheap onlin viagra in usa

generic propecia online pharmacy

buy cheap online propecia

best deal for propecia

best place cialis

gerenic cialis

how to get viagra

cheap viagra or cialis

viagra pfizer canada

cheapest propecia uk

generic levitra india

buy cialis once daily

pfizer mexico viagra

best prices on viagra

overnight viagra generic

buy propecia online prescription

cheap levitra

buying real viagra without prescription

how to get viagra from canada

order usa viagra online

pharmacy support viagra

infopharmcom

buy viagara from canadian pharmacy

50mg viagra retail price

viagra cheap canada

levitra purchase

buy viagra

online us viagra

viagra pills canadian

viagra side effects

viagra of pfizer

where to buy propecia

buy viagra in new zealand

buy levitra lowest prices

buy levitra lowest prices

canadian non perscription viagra

viagra dosage

buy propecia where

buy propecia no prescription

viagra online cheap

online generic cialis 100 mg

similar cialis

ordering viagra online

baldness male propecia

soft tab cialis

levitra uk

order propecia now

buy pfizer viagra

how to get cialis no prescrip tion

buy now propecia

buy viagra online australia

overnight propecia

buy viagra china

official canadian pharmacy to buy levitra

online pharmacy levitra

buy cialis online

buy cheap levitra

buying cialis soft tabs 100 mg

canadain viagra india

cialis alternative

canada viagra pharmacies scam

buy generic cialis

viagra sale buy

minoxidil propecia nizoral

viagra sale buy

get pharmacy

genuine cialis online

buy cialis without rx

pharmacy levitra

pfizer viagra canada

viagra england

pfizer viagra cheepest prices

generic levitra cheap

get propecia online pharmacy

buy propecia online cheap pharmacy

cheap real viagra england

cheap levitra prescription

cialis 20mg one a day

buy cialis next day delivery

cialis alternitives

getting cialis from canada

can i order viagra from the chemist

viagra without prescription

what is cialis

levitra best price

viagra 100mg england

order prescription propecia

buy cheap propecia

herbal viagra

non pescription cialis

canadian pharmacy viagra scam

buy cialis online

canadian online pharmacy

cialis 5 mg buy

canadian pharmacy scam

indian viagra

buy real cialis online

viagra prescriptions

canadian women viagra

canadian pharmacy propecia

viagra online australia

buy viagra online canadian phamacy

buy viagra 100mg

generic viagra

viagra aus usa

cheapest viagra usa

canadas 1 pharmacy

levitra paypal

lowest cost propecia uk

purchasing cialis

buy cheap levitra online

buy propecia and proscar

herbal propecia

how can i buy viagra in canada

the pharmacy shop viagra

5mg propecia

how much is viagra

viagra in mexico

buy cheapest propecia

brand name cialis overnight

viagra pfizer india

canada prescriptions levitra

viagra paypal

buy cialis on line

how do u buy propecia in canada

viagra where to buy

5mg propecia

levitra ed

levitra professional

buy viagra online

canadian drug viagra soft

best price for propecia

cheap cialis fast delivery time

buy daily cialis

viagra canadian pharmacy dosage

canadian pharm propecia online

buy viagra australia

lowest priced propecia

viagra buy uk

viagra online 50 mgs

buy propecia online from usa pharmacy

buy xenical propecia

levitra

canada pharmacy propecia

cheap fast levitra

australia healthcare online viagra

canadian health care

viagra canadian scam

soft cialis

propecia 1mg

uk propecia

buy real viagra online

viagra original pfizer order

viagra sales in canada

buy generic propecia online

where to get non prescription viagra

best levitra prices

viagra australia

best online generic levitra

pfizer viagra 50 mg online

cheap propecia online prescription

best price levitra online

Mammoth Cave Research, Weeks 3, 4, 5, and 6

Well, my diligence in reporting has taken a serious hit as the summer progresses. Obviously.

Fortunately (at least for purposes of writing about it) Weeks 3 and 4 yielded nothing to report.

Weeks 5 and 6, however, have been much more interesting.

During Week 5, the week of 28 June, we (my undergrad research buddy Katie and I) did some instrument and lab
training, as well as some cave mapping.

The field instruments we used were just small meters for pH and CO2. The Hoffman Environmental
Research Institute Center for Cave and Karst Studies (CCKS) has an ongoing project at the university-owned Crumps
Cave, where a series of waterfalls present. At Waterfall 1, we take samples once a week and test their pH right there. Later, the samples are taken to a USDA lab and analyzed for their bicarbonate ion concentration and turbidity. On the surface, there is a meter that reads the CO2 concentration in the soil. The idea behind doing these things is to learn more about the behavior of water in the epikarst zone.

Later that week, Katie and I, along with speleologists Pat and Jason, went back to Crumps to do some mapping. The cave is very large and pretty straightforward (at least the part we’re concerned with for the moment). We set up a station every 10 feet approximately down the center of the tunnel. Using Disto laser measures, we shot the distance (from eye level) to the ceiling and floor, each of the walls horizontally, and at the points of contact between the walls and ceiling/floor. We also used a compass for orientation and a clinometer to measure the angle of each shot. Back in the lab, we put our information into cave-mapping software and are creating a 3D model of the cave. This is temporarily on hold as staff and grad students scatter for conferences and mapping in other caves.

This week (beginning 5 July), we have been out to the cave twice and worked with a new field fluorometer.

Our first cave day ended in no success. The meter would not cooperate, so we decided to just take a sample and gather information back in the lab. However, we ended up with the wrong key, so no samples either. (I thought it was funny; my grad student supervisor did not. Until later.)

Our next attempt was much more successful, although the gate system at Crumps is practically impossible even with the correct key. À la Boondock Saints, you really do always need rope!

Today, we calibrated the field fluorometer, affectionately known as the Schneggometer after its designer. Easier said than done, really. We calibrated it for dye tracers uranine and rhodamine, but were still having troubles with tinopal (an optical brightener) and turbidity after six hours, so we thought it best to save those for next week.

So on the table for next week is finishing calibrating the Schneggometer, learning how to use the spectrofluorophotometer, and a presentation to the other REU members and professors. It’s a lot of fun and I am definitely learning a lot!

I should be able to add some pictures to next week’s report, so be patient with me. I hope everyone is having a great summer!

Mammoth Cave Research, Week 2

This weekend, our research group went on a little private cave tour to parts of the cave that are no longer open to the public through some early 1900s trails and tubes.

We started in a food service elevator– one of the cave tours includes an underground dinner. Descending about 100 feet into a manmade shaft, we emerged in the Snowball Room, a cave so called because of the gypsum blossoms covering the ceiling and walls.  Dr. Groves (my research advisor) led us for a while down a tourist path. From there, it was the usual scuffling and sliding, punctuated by our wade through a subterranean creek and a couple crawls through unmarked tunnels. It was very exciting and a lot of fun, but caving is better done than retold (I highly recommend it!). Unfortunately, the vast majority of my pictures didn’t turn out, as caves have a tendency to be dark.

Even more unfortunately, I haven’t been able to actually start my project yet, as the university lost a LOT of field equipment (data loggers, etc) to the flooding a few weeks ago in the area. Hopefully at the end of this week, I’ll be starting some lab work, mixing up dye tracers and things of that nature.

I did learn that at least part of my work will be at a university-owned test cave near Bowling Green, which is useful because it allows researchers to study karst environments and the effects of land use without damaging the Mammoth Cave System (or filling out paperwork that would come with testing at the park).

In the meantime, I’m becoming well-studied in cave geology, and I’m looking forward to finding at least a little bit of trouble to get into!

Mammoth Cave Research, Week 1

Mammoth Cave National Park is located just off Interstate 65 approximately 90 miles north of Nashville.

The stage was set for the cave network about 350 million years ago. At that time, the area was ten degrees south of the equator and submerged beneath a warm, shallow sea, where sediments accumulated for 70 million years. The result is 1200-1400 feet of limestone overlain by sandstone and shale, which was deposited around 300 million years ago by a river flowing into the ocean from the north. Twenty million years later, as sea levels dropped and the continent began to rise. Deformations in the crust resulted in fissures in the limestone.

Fast-forward to the middle Pliocene. On the ‘Pennyroyal Plateau,’ a plain filled with sinkholes, water seeped through the limestone and eventually undercut the sandstone, forming an intricate underground river system. The water continues to dissolve the limestone, deepening the cave network. Today, of course, the caves we see nearer the surface are the oldest, while the new caves form deeper beneath the surface.

Continue reading Mammoth Cave Research, Week 1

Moving in

The Museum of Geology’s new Paleontology Research Laboratory is finally complete, and now begins the task of moving over 500,000 specimens in.

100_2594

unprepared specimens will be stored on the upper level, doors on the left lead to the prep. lab.

Over the past few days we have been moving the jackets seen above from an offsite storage facility. Specimens were loaded one at a time onto a flatbed truck, brought to the new building and unloaded onto shiny new galvanized steel pallets. The pallets will be loaded onto the heavy duty racks once the facility get its own forklift.

Continue reading Moving in

Museum Organization Day

Thank you to everyone who came out today to help get the museum ready for the 62nd annual meeting of the Geological Society of America—Rocky Mountain Section held this year in Rapid City.

The cases were cleaned and several displays were updated. Check out some pictures from the event.

Triceratops New